Eduard de Hartog

Amsterdam-born Eduard de Hartog studied with Jan George Bertelman and Gustaaf Adolf Heinze before continuing his education in Paris with Antoine Elwart and others, later dividing his career between the Netherlands and France. He composed more than eighty works—ranging from operas and symphonic poems to chamber music and piano pieces—yet has since faded into obscurity. His Sonate-Symphonie, Op. 21, exemplifies his cosmopolitan outlook: a four-movement piano work that combines classical design with Romantic virtuosity and stylistic eclecticism, echoing Beethoven, Chopin, and the brilliance of Henry Litolff while maintaining an individual voice. His music is especially rewarding for pianists interested in rediscovering neglected nineteenth-century repertoire that blends formal clarity with theatrical flair.